| Abstract | Verbal and non-verbal interaction capabilities for robots are often studied isolated from each other in current research trend because they largely contribute to different aspects of interaction. For a robot companionthat needs to be both useful and social however, these capabilities have to be considered in a unified complex interactin context. In this paer we present two studies in such a context that clearly reveals the strengths and limitations of these modalities and advocate their comlementary benefits for human-robot interaction. motivated by this evidence we propose a powerful interaction framework which acounts for flexible multi-modality management in complex interactions. Incorporates verbal + non-verbal capabilities User studies - confoirm effectiveness Need to incorporate facial experession in future? Use of non-verbal means to reflect robot internal state (listening, puzzled, undertanding, person detected, not-detected etc.) |